Skip to main content

RAG for archives and digital documents

Problem

Archives include scanned documents, mixed formats, uncertain OCR, and complex provenance requirements.

Why RAG helps

RAG can improve discovery while preserving links to source images, records, and metadata.

Recommended architecture

Multimodal RAG with metadata-aware retrieval.

Relevant tools

  • Unstructured
  • Jina AI
  • OpenSearch
  • LlamaIndex
  • Phoenix / Arize

Risks and precautions

  • OCR bias
  • Missing provenance
  • Overconfident interpretation of historical records

Evaluation criteria

  • Provenance traceability
  • OCR quality
  • Metadata completeness
  • Archivist review

Example user questions

  • Which scanned files mention this person?
  • What is the provenance of this record?
  • Which documents contain this handwritten annotation?

Step-by-step implementation path

  • Run OCR carefully
  • Preserve page images
  • Add archival metadata
  • Flag uncertain extraction
  • Let archivists review answers

Useful official sources